Homer

William Blake 1757 - 1827

Summary

A head and neck portrait of the Greek epic poet Homer, his head turned slightly to the right, surrounded by a wreath of leaves. Ferns also frame the edges of the piece. A mouse to the left is carrying a spear, and a frog to the right is holding onto the wreath, as suggested by the poem 'Batrachomyomachia' (The Battle of Frogs and Mice). 'Batrachomyomachia' was a later parody of Homer's work by an unknown author. The piece is one of 18 heads of poets made for Blake's patron: William Hayley. The series was commissioned for the library of his house at Felpham, Sussex, and follows the ancient Roman tradition of decorative literary heads.

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Grand Tour and Grand Style The Influence of Travel Improvements in European travel during the 1700s had a wide-ranging impact on British culture. A particularly significant influence was the Grand Tour, which became almost obligatory for young gentlemen. Grand Tourists were led across Europe by tutors to study art, history and politics for two or three years. The Grand Tour focused on Italy, particularly Rome, and often incorporated new archaeological sites such as those at Herculaneum and Pompei, near Naples. Ancient antiquities were heavily trafficked across Europe and continental works of art flooded into Britain. A period of especially active collecting took place between the end of the Seven Years War in 1763 and the rise of Napoleon in the 1790s. As more artists and designers also visited the continent their work became increasingly informed by travel. The serious themes of classical antiquity and European art led to a new departure in painting called the Grand Style. This championed classical, historical or literary subjects, and inspired radical changes in portraiture and landscape. Widespread interest in Greek and Roman remains also fostered fresh interpretations of ancient designs by pioneers of decorative art such as Josiah Wedgwood.